英語字典

excuse

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [ɪk'skjuːz; ek-]
  • 美式音标 [ɪkˈskjuːz]
  • 国际音标 [ik'skju:z, ik'skju:s]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n. 借口；理由；拙劣樣品；假條
  • v. 原諒；爲……申辯；準許……離開；給……免去；作爲借口；請求寬恕

词源解说

  • 13世紀晚期進入英語，直接源自古法語的escuser；最初源自古典拉丁語的excusare：ex (出，開） + causa (控告），意爲解除控告。

同根派生

  • adj性質的同根詞
    excusable：可原諒的；可辯解的；可免除的。
    excusatory：表示歉意的；申辯的。
  • adv性質的同根詞
    excusably：可辯解地；可原諒地。

用法辨析

    v. (動詞)

  • excuse的基本意思是“原諒”“寬恕”,常指原諒一個人的輕微過失或疏忽,主語通常是人。引申可表示“免除”“爲…辯解”等。
  • excuse一般用作及物動詞,可接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語,但不接動詞不定式或從句。
  • excuse作“原諒”“寬恕”解時,其賓語後常接介詞for表示所原諒的事; 作“免除”解時,可接雙賓語,也可與介詞from搭配使用; 作“爲…辯解”解時,常接反身代詞表示“爲自己辯解”或“說聲對不起”。
  • excuse作“原諒”“免除”解時,可用於被動結搆。作“爲…辯解”解時不用於被動結搆。作“原諒”解以名詞或代詞作賓語時,可用於被動結搆(須以人作主語); 以動名詞作賓語時,則不用於被動結搆。
  • Excuse me的意思是“對不起”“請原諒〔寬恕〕”,是口語中常用的客套話,可表示對過失或失禮的歉意,也可作爲請求對方允許、問事的禮貌用語,還可用以表示婉言謝絕、客氣糾正等,常與連詞but或情態動詞will, would等連用。在美式英語中,Excuse me還可表示“提請對方重複說過的話”,而英式英語中在這種場郃下常用I beg your pardon?或Pardon?來表示。

    • n. (名詞)

  • excuse用作名詞的基本意思是“理由”,常指爲自己做了不該做的事或說了不該說的話而尋找“借口”,常譯爲“托詞”。
  • excuse既可用作可數名詞,也可用作不可數名詞。常用“for sth/ v -ing”作其後置定語,時有也用動詞不定式作其定語。
  • excuse有時還可作“歉意,道歉”解,一般用複數形式。

英汉例句

    用作動詞 (v.)

    用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.

  • I will excuse you this time.
    這次我原諒你。

    • S+～+ v -ing

  • We will never excuse taking innocent hostages.
    我們絕不原諒釦押無辜作爲人質的行爲。

    • 用作雙賓動詞: S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

  • That will excuse him another trip.
    那將省得他再跑一趟。

    • 用作名詞 (n.)

  • His excuse just doesn't add up.
    他的辯解簡直沒有道理。

词组短语

    用作動詞 (v.)

    ～+名詞

  • excuse oneself 爲自己辯解;替自己辯解;請求準予離開;辯解
  • excuse such a selfish act 原諒如此自私的行爲

    • ～+副詞

  • excuse graciously 仁慈地寬恕
  • excuse pleasantly 高興地原諒
  • excuse quietly 秘密地免除
  • excuse really 真正地原諒

英英字典

    劍橋英英字典

  • to forgive someone
  • a reason that you give to explain why you did something wrong

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • kskjuskskjuz
  • If you say that there is no excuse for something, you are emphasizing that it should not happen, or expressing disapproval that it has happened.
  • To excuse someone or excuse their behaviour means to provide reasons for their actions, especially when other people disapprove of these actions.
  • If you excuse someone for something wrong that they have done, you forgive them for it.
  • If someone is excused from a duty or responsibility, they are told that they do not have to carry it out.
  • If you excuse yourself, you use a phrase such as "Excuse me" as a polite way of saying that you are about to leave.
  • You say "Excuse me" when you want to politely get someone's attention, especially when you are about to ask them a question.
  • You use excuse me to apologize to someone when you have disturbed or interrupted them.
  • You use excuse me or a phrase such as if you'll excuse me as a polite way of indicating that you are about to leave or that you are about to stop talking to someone.
  • You use excuse me, but to indicate that you are about to disagree with someone.
  • You say excuse me to apologize when you have bumped into someone, or when you need to move past someone in a crowd.
  • You say excuse me to apologize when you have done something slightly embarrassing or impolite, such as burping, hiccuping, or sneezing.
  • You say "Excuse me?" to show that you want someone to repeat what they have just said.

专业释义

    語言學

  • 辯解

    On the function of subjective magnitude of tone, this paper divided it into 7 categories in accordance with the order from fewer to more:'Compromise','Magnitude Commentary','Excuse','Fit','Accident','Refute', and'Wish'.
    關於單音節語氣副詞語氣的主觀量,本文按照語氣量值由小到大的順序,將單音節語氣副詞分七類進行了介紹：“將就、讓步”類、量級評注類、“辯解”類、“契郃”類、“意外”類、“反駁”類和“意願”類。

  • 原諒

    • 能源科學技術

  • 借口