英語字典

spoil

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [spɒɪlspɔɪl]
  • 美式音标 [spɔɪl]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • vt. 溺愛；糟蹋；破壞；掠奪
  • vi. 掠奪；變壞；腐敗
  • n. 次品；獎品

词根记忆

  • 破壞(spoil)土地(soil)，損人不利己

同根派生

  • adj性質的同根詞
    spoilt：寵壞的；損壞的。
  • n性質的同根詞
    spoilage：損壞，糟蹋；掠奪；損壞物。
    spoiler：擾流器；掠奪者；損壞者。
  • v性質的同根詞
    spoilt：寵壞；燬壞（spoil的過去式及過去分詞）。

用法辨析

    v. (動詞)

  • spoil的基本意思是“變壞,腐爛”或“破壞,損壞”,使物躰在外形、用途、力量、精力、價值等方麪損壞,含有徹底損壞而不能補救的意味。引申可作“溺愛”“慣壞”解,強調過分驕縱而對性格、性情的損害,也可作“把事情搞糟”或“使人掃興”解。
  • spoil還可作“搶劫; 強奪”解,過去式、過去分詞衹用spoiled。
  • spoil可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。用作及物動詞時接名詞或代詞作賓語。
  • spoil後接介詞by表示“因…而燬壞; 因…而寵壞”; be spoiling for的意思是“一心想,切望”。
  • spoil的過去分詞spoilt可用作形容詞,在句中作定語。
  • spoil的過去式和過去分詞均可爲spoilt或spoiled。

    • n. (名詞)

  • spoil可作複數或不可數名詞。

英汉例句

    用作動詞 (v.)

    用作不及物動詞: S+～(+A)

  • Some kinds of food soon spoil.
    有些食物易變質。

    • 用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.

  • Try not to spoil any material.
    設法別糟蹋材料。

    • 其他

  • He is a spoilt child.
    他是個慣壞了的孩子。

    • 用作名詞 (n.)

  • There is some spoils of war in his hands.
    在他的手裡有些戰利品。

词组短语

    用作動詞 (v.)

    ～+名詞

  • spoil sb 's fun 使某人掃興
  • spoil a holiday 使假日過得不好
  • spoil a plan 打亂計劃
  • spoil the pleasure 掃興
  • spoil a sheet of paper 糟蹋一張紙

英英字典

    劍橋英英字典

  • (DESTROY) to destroy or reduce the pleasure, interest, or beauty of something
  • (TREAT WELL) to treat someone very or too well, especially by being extremely generous
  • (CHILD) to allow a child to do or have everything that it wants to, usually so that it expects to get everything it wants and does not show respect to other people
  • (EARTH) earth, stones, etc. dug out from a hole in the ground
  • (PROFITS) goods, advantages, profits, etc. that you get by your actions or because of your position or situation

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory.
  • If you spoil children, you give them everything they want or ask for. This is considered to have a bad effect on a child's character.
  • If you spoil yourself or spoil another person, you give yourself or them something nice as a treat or do something special for them.
  • If food spoils or if it is spoiled, it is no longer fit to be eaten.
  • If you say that someone is spoiled for choice or spoilt for choice, you mean that they have a great many things of the same type to choose from.

专业释义

    土木建築工程

  • 棄土

    • 地球科學

  • 廢石

    • 毉葯科學

  • 寵壞

    • 交通運輸工程

  • 損壞